Netherlands - Geography, Government and History

Netherlands - Geography, Government and History Populace: 16,783,092 (July 2010 gauge) Capital: Amsterdam Seat of Government: The Hague Flanking Countries: Germany and Belgium Land Area: 16,039 square miles (41,543 sq km) Coastline: 280 miles (451 km) Most noteworthy Point: Vaalserberg at 1,056 feet (322 m) Absolute bottom: Zuidplaspolder at - 23 feet (- 7 m) The Netherlands, authoritatively called the Kingdom of the Netherlands, is situated in northwest Europe. The Netherlands outskirts the North Sea to its north and west, Belgium toward the south and Germany toward the east. The capital and biggest city in the Netherlands is Amsterdam, while the seat of government and along these lines most government movement is in the Hague. Completely, the Netherlands is regularly called Holland, while its kin are alluded to as Dutch. The Netherlands is known for its low lying geography and barriers, just as for its liberal government. History of the Netherlands In the main century B.C.E., Julius Caesar entered the Netherlands and found that it was occupied by different Germanic clans. The locale was then isolated into a western part that was occupied principally by Batavians while the east was possessed by the Frisians. The western piece of the Netherlands turned into a piece of the Roman Empire. Between the fourth and eighth hundreds of years, the Franks vanquished what is today the Netherlands and the zone was later given to the House of Burgundy and the Austrian Habsburgs. In the sixteenth century, the Netherlands were constrained by Spain however in 1558, the Dutch individuals revolted and in 1579, the Union of Utrecht joined the seven northern Dutch areas into the Republic of the United Netherlands. During the seventeenth century, the Netherlands developed in power with its provinces and naval force. Be that as it may, the Netherlands in the end lost a portion of its significance after a few wars with Spain, France, and England in the seventeenth and eighteenth hundreds of years. Likewise, the Dutch additionally lost their mechanical predominance over these countries. In 1815, Napoleon was crushed and the Netherlands, alongside Belgium, turned into a piece of the Kingdom of the United Netherlands. In 1830, Belgium framed its own realm and 1848, King Willem II overhauled the Netherlands constitution to make it progressively liberal. From 1849-1890, King Willem III governed over the Netherlands and the nation developed altogether. At the point when he passed on, his girl Wilhelmina became sovereign. During World War II, the Netherlands was constantly involved by Germany starting in 1940. Therefore, Wilhelmina fled to London and set up a legislature in a state of banishment. During WWII, over 75% of the Netherlands Jewish populace was executed. In May 1945, the Netherlands was freed and Wilhelmina restored the nation. In 1948, she relinquished the seat and her little girl Juliana was sovereign until 1980 when her girl Queen Beatrix took the seat. Following WWII, the Netherlands developed in quality strategically and monetarily. Today the nation is an enormous visitor goal and a large portion of its previous provinces have picked up autonomy and two (Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles) are as yet subordinate zones. The Government of the Netherlands The Kingdom of the Netherlands is viewed as an established government (rundown of rulers) with a head of state (Queen Beatrix) and a head of government filling the official branch. The administrative branch is the bicameral States General with the First Chamber and the Second Chamber. The legal branch is comprised of the Supreme Court. Financial aspects and Land Use in the Netherlands The economy of the Netherlands is steady with solid modern relations and a moderate joblessness rate. The Netherlands is likewise an European transportation center point and the travel industry is additionally expanding there. The biggest businesses in the Netherlands are agroindustries, metal and designing items, electrical apparatus and gear, synthetic substances, oil, development, microelectronics, and angling. Agrarian results of the Netherlands incorporate grains, potatoes, sugar beets, natural products, vegetables, and domesticated animals. Topography and Climate of the Netherlands The Netherlands is known for its low lying geology and recovered land called polders. About portion of the land in the Netherlands is underneath ocean level polders and barriers make more land accessible and less inclined to flooding for the developing nation. There are likewise some low slopes in the southeast yet none of them ascend over 2,000 feet. The atmosphere of the Netherlands is mild and profoundly influenced by its marine area. Thus, it has cool summers and mellow winters. Amsterdam has a January normal low of 33ËšF (0.5ËšC) and an August high of simply 71ËšF (21ËšC). More Facts about the Netherlands The official dialects of the Netherlands are Dutch and FrisianThe Netherlands has enormous minority networks of Moroccans, Turks, and SurinameseThe biggest urban areas in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, Utrecht and Eindhoven.

Atomic Bomb Essay -- essays research papers

On the morning of August 6, 1945, the primary Atomic Bomb in history was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. After three days, a subsequent bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. Before long, on August 14, 1945, the Japanese unexpectedly gave up, surrendering their antiquated traditions with respect to respect in war. The way that lone two bombs had the option to push a whole nation to the brink of collapse is a genuine demonstration of the amazing force they held. There is nothing in present day fighting that can rival the staggering impacts of atomic weapons.      At the start of World War II, the Japanese were a significant danger to the Asian World. On December 7, 1941, when they chose to assault Pearl Harbor (a US maritime base in Hawaii), it was apparent that their expectations were not constrained to Asia. The United States entered World War II because of this assault. The war proceeded for six long years, and included the majority of the significant World Powers. During this time, there were numerous fights between the United States and Japan, including probably the bloodiest clash of World War II, which occurred at Okinawa. Whenever permitted to extend, Japan represented a genuine danger to the partners.      During the war, one of the most splendid researchers ever, Albert Einstein, theorized that if the genuine intensity of the particle were discharged in a weapon, the outcomes would be wrecking. This was before long affirmed by an enormous segment of mainstream researchers. Whoever had such a weapon would be in finished force. Numerous administration authorities felt that such a weapon could stop the war. Therefore, in 1942, the United States chose to seek after the nuclear bomb. Soon thereafter, Franklin D. Roosevelt started the Manhattan Project.      The Manhattan Project was a monstrous building venture focused on a definitive objective of making a nuclear bomb. At one time it utilized more than 129,000 specialists. The United States was the main country on the planet with the ability to take a shot at such an elevated level. In spite of the fact that it cost roughly $2 billion dollars, numerous authorities who thought about the Top Secret task felt it was well justified, despite all the trouble if the Atomic Bomb demonstrated helpful. Another significant cost of the United States government was the improvement of the B-29, an aircraft plane explicitly intended for dropping Atomic Bombs. The assessed cost of this undertaking is ... ...ioned on the parts of the bargains rockets, growing the scope of the weapon. Radioactive materials basic to the development of a Nuclear Weapon are currently more promptly accessible to little nations and fear based oppressors. This represents the danger of Nuclear Warfare, which could at last end in the eradication of humankind.      Nuclear Weapons can't be â€Å"uninvented†, so in this manner we should figure out how to live with the conceivable danger of Nuclear War. The principal Atomic Bombs were utilized to end a war, anyway that was in the days when the main country possessing them was the United States. Today, if a Nuclear War broke out, the protective country would in all probability return fire, which could bring about a worldwide episode. It is far-fetched that the entirety of the world’s Nuclear Weapons will ever be pulverized, since the ownership of them gives insurance from a Nuclear Strike by another nation. They are an interceding factor in the midst of war. Because of human instinct, everything we can do is trust that they are rarely utilized, and that the annihilation and slaughter achieved by the primary Atomic Bomb showed us a thing or two. It is even conceivable that this sort of intensity was never expected for humanity to find.

5 Women Writers Whose Raw Honesty Has Blown My Mind

5 Women Writers Whose Raw Honesty Has Blown My Mind Last night, I crawled into bed early to finish a review copy of Morgan Jerkinss  This Will Be My Undoing  (January 2018). A collection of autobiographical essays that tackle race and gender, I knew it would be a stunner from the very first page, and it was. There were lines, in fact, that made me sit up straight because of how perfectly they elucidated certain issues. The entire book was an education. More than anything else, however, I was struck by its raw honesty, by the sharing of an interior life that was not always pretty, but which was powerful in its sincerity. And its not the first book Ive read this year to grip me with its levels of honesty. In fact, open, honest, strong writing by equally strong women writers is only becoming more prevalent. Much has been made of the confessional writing of women. This style of writing is often denigrated; many of the subjects touched upon in such works relegated to women-only categories deemed not serious enough for, well, serious literature. Which I think is a load of hooey. When people demean such writing, its partially because they want to silence it, and to suppress the conversation around certain topics. But lately, women writers havent been content to just shut up, or even to modulate their writing in order to make it more palatable to others. Which makes me giddy.   Hunger  by Roxane Gay The first book to tear me apart this year with its openness and vulnerability was Roxane Gays  Hunger,  a lyrical memoir in which the author opens up about her relationship to her body, the sexual violence that informed this relationship, and the ways in which other people relate and react to her. We live in an age in which the body positivity movement has become so mainstream that it is often co-opted by diet pushers and fitness gurus who proclaim they can give us healthy bodies, versus the skinny bodies they peddled before. So in addition to the ways in which Gay is generous with her stories of sexual violation and its aftermath, it is also freeing to see her admit to an incredibly complex relationship with her body, one in which she seesaws back and forth between loving and hating and being sort of okay with it. Love and Trouble  by Claire Dederer Several months later, I read Dederers memoir, which blindsided me in how different it was from the yoga memoir shed written all of seven years previously. It stuck with me, too, in how brazen it was, in how she seemed to just casually reveal the worst parts of herselfâ€"or rather, what I saw as the worst parts of myself, things I could never imagine revealing to the wider worldâ€"as if she had zero fucks left to give. The memoir is about reconciling the young woman she used to be with the woman she has become in midlife. But for me, what stood outâ€"and what stayed with meâ€"were lessons in sexuality and power, and in a deep wanting to be wanted. Mean  by Myriam Gurba I feel as if the entire bookternet has been raving about this book, and with good reason. A friend and I decided to read it together and I think each of us barreled through it in just two evenings. She ended up passing it on to her husband, who also loved it. So what makes this lyrical coming-of-age memoir so damn awesome? Personally, I think its Gurbas voice. The glimpse she gives us into the inner workings of her mind. Yes, this book tackles sexual assault and queer sexual awakening and race and justice and everything else that makes for an important and gripping read. But no one else could have told this story the way Gurba does. The casual coarseness with which she describes various violations, unwilling to pretty up her experiences for readers. The ways in which she reveals her deepest, darkest thoughts. The way in which she is unapologetic about protecting herself from additional harm. Weve been needing this. This Will Be My Undoing  by Morgan Jerkins Jerkins accomplishes a lot in this book. Ive already mentioned this up above. But on top of all of this is her willingness to share some of the things that have brought her shame. The contortions she has forced herself into in order to be accepted by white society. The ways in which she has compared herself to other black women. She also completely owns her sexual wantsâ€"even as she struggles with the inherent power imbalances that exist when it comes to sexâ€"an attitude that is discouraged among women in general, and among black women in particular. The Poet X  by Elizabeth Acevedo This is the only non-memoir on this list, but I cant help including it. Its a young adult novel written in verse (whaaat?). Its  told from the point of view of a young woman growing up in Harlem, grappling with her place in the world, afraid to speak her truth. The poetry that fills the book? The contents of her notebook (and also, if youll allow me to be corny, the contents of her heart). She eventually discovers slam poetry and gains the strength and courage to speak her truth out loud, in an incredibly powerful way. Though I wasnt sure how Id feel about the format, I was ugly crying by the end. After reading so many powerful voices this year, Im hungry for more. I hope this run of strong women growling out their truths keeps building, becoming a mighty roar. What are your favorite women writers? Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Parents Parents Determine Everything - 2224 Words

Parents Determine Everything In 1969 the Governor of California Ronald Reagan, signed the first â€Å"no fault† divorce bill (Wilcox). This allowed people to divorce their spouse with no actual reason of why divorce was necessary. After Reagan signed the bill almost every state followed his lead, causing a drastic increase in divorces across America (Wilcox). This means that â€Å"50% of all the children born to married parents today, will experience the divorce of their parents before they are 18 years old†(Children). Parents often decide to go through with a divorce because of their own unhappiness. That in fact beyond most peoples belief is a wise decision. No child should be raised in an unhappy home, and living with two people who no longer†¦show more content†¦Parents correctly communicating with their children post divorce is essential to lowering the amount of negative effects the child will endure. After a divorce some parents are in such a scramble th ey lose sight of their role as a parent. They sometimes become so self indulged that they forget that their children are in need of communication from them (Foulkes-Jamison). On Help Guide, a website that is collaborated with Harvard Medical School they discuss what your child needs to hear after divorce and why they need to hear it (Block et. al.). Many children are under the assumption that they were the reason for their parents divorce. This assumption is often the root to many negative effects (Foulkes-Jamison). Help Guide says to avoid this from happening begin the post-divorce communication process by â€Å"clearing up misunderstandings† (Block et al.) Telling your child why the divorce is taking place can help them realize that they are not the cause of the tragic event. Help Guide stresses that as the parent you must not only be patient but reassuring to confirm that your child knows they are not the reason for the divorce (Block et al.). Opposite of the parent that f orgets their child needs communication, there s the parent that over indulges their child with communication (McManus and Donovan, 256). These parents unconsciously often make the mistake of providing the child with too much

Reading Work In The New Workplace Centers Around Five...

Summary Reading Work: Literacies in the New Workplace centers around five adult educators and scholars who challenge the meaning of literacy in workplace environments by identifying subtleties beyond reading and writing. Belfiore, Defoe, Folinsbee, Hunter, and Jackson (2004) utilize â€Å"various strands of literacy theory and research associated with social practice, sociocultural or ‘the new literacy studies’ approaches to defining literacies† (pg. 4) to define this research. Throughout the book, literacies are compared to multiple threads that are interlaced to constitute one workplace tapestry, symbolizing how literacies are affected by complex contexts and relationships. Triple Z Triple Z is part of a multi-national company in the U.S., located in Canada that produces pickle and relish products. Belfiore discovers through her research with Triple Z that many employees are afraid of closure and job loss due to new standards implemented for audits by different agencies. Belfiore calculates confusion among the workers regarding this new paperwork. For the laborers, productivity is more important than stopping their work to do paperwork. Belfiore deduces that there were many instances when the value of documentation was not communicated to the employees. Because of these contradictions, Triple Z is a classic example of an organization in need of literacy training. Texco Texco is a multi-national company selling niche fabrics worldwide. Like Triple Z, documentation impactsShow MoreRelatedLanguage And Literature Newsletter Language Acquisition2290 Words   |  10 Pagesacquired by children, we designed this newsletter, hoping you and our center can make a united effort to promote young children’s language skills. Language is not a pure combination of words. Instead, language was firstly defined by Ferdinand de Saussure as a system of language and a massive usage of speech in certain ways (Lyons, 1981). A more contemporary understanding of languages is that languages are the ways that unit us to work collectively, entailing four dimensions, namely communication, conversationRead MoreGeneral Education Development Testing 1 Essay2152 Words   |  9 Pagesrates of marriage, increased incidence of divorce and births outside marriage, increased involvement with the welfare and legal systems, and even poor health among high school drop outs. There are a number of programs that work with disengaged youth and non-diploma earning adults to help them obtain the General Educational Development (GED) credential and transition into the workforce however, research shows that income limitations and further educational opportunity potential does not increase substantiallyRead MoreLesson Plan5351 Words   |   22 PagesManagement Guidelines for Success INTRODUCTION How do the most effective teachers†¦ †¢ manage behavior in their multi-ethnic, multi-cultural classrooms? †¢ develop and use classroom rules and routines? †¢ use classroom consequences that work? †¢ design positive behavioral supports for challenging behaviors? †¢ avoid career- and health-threatening frustration and burnout? 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An article from ERIC (Educational Resources Information Center) pointed out an important distinction in types of motivation (1997): â€Å"Student motivation naturally has to do with students desire to participate in the learning process. But it also concerns the reasons or goals that underlie their involvement or noninvolvement in academic activities.† These two types ofRead More Why Teachers Should Understand ADHD Essays2015 Words   |  9 Pageswhile others say it is a learning disorder. Ever since 1980 when the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders officially recognized ADD/ADHD as a behavior disorder, the definition has kept evolving and changing. But ADD/ADHD has been around a lot longer than twenty-three years. Some in the medical professions believe â€Å"ADHD is a common mental disorder and has been recognized in one form or another for over a ce ntury† (Conners and Jett, 1999, p. 3). Teacher oriented literature leans towardRead MoreApplication of Observational Learning6241 Words   |  25 Pagestheory from educational theory. Most introductory texts distinguish between three large families of thought. 1. Behaviorism is interested in looking at behavior and observable changes. Therefore behaviorism in instruction focuses on generating new behavior patterns. 2. Cognitivism is interested in looking at the thought processes behind the behavior. Therefore cognitivist learning theory stresses acquisition of (including reorganization) of cognitive structures. 3. Constructivism claimsRead MoreImportance of English Communication Proficiency7628 Words   |  31 Pageswithout a doubt the actual universal language† said Carlos Carrion Torres of Brazil. While English is not an official language in most countries, it is the language most often taught as a second language. English is most widely used in communicating around the world. The information that the researchers gathered about communication and English made them realized that the two terminologies must be always together. Good communication creates a good ambience and relationship between everyone in every organizationRead MoreBusiness Strategy About Samsung5844 Words   |  24 Pages that have performed phenomenally in society. Currently  Rev. Bro. Janaka Fonseka  FSC is the Director of the College. The school was considered as the leading school in the island in the 1960s.   The College provides education to around 3000 students with a staff of around 200 qualified and trained teachers. Students are enrolled from Grade 1 to 13 with the local syllabus in English Sinhala and Tamil mediums. |St. Benedicts College | |[pic]Read MoreBusiness Strategy About Samsung5858 Words   |  24 Pages that have performed phenomenally in society. Currently  Rev. Bro. Janaka Fonseka  FSC is the Director of the College. The school was considered as the leading school in the island in the 1960s.   The College provides education to around 3000 students with a staff of around 200 qualified and trained teachers. Students are enrolled from Grade 1 to 13 with the local syllabus in English Sinhala and Tamil mediums. |St. Benedicts College | |[pic]

Play Response Free Essays

It’s A Wonderful Life On Saturday November 19, 201 I went to Cookeville Children’s Theatre school performance to watch the show â€Å" It’s A Wonderful Life† and it was the last show for this play. This show also has been showed on November 11, 12, 13 15, 17, 18, 19. This play is has a good story. We will write a custom essay sample on Play Response or any similar topic only for you Order Now I went to watch the play with two of my friends and other classmates. We went there at 7:30 p. m. at first we could not find the Cookeville Children’s Theatre school performance because I have not been there before. With a little help from other friends we found the place. This play was $10 for adults $8 for seniors,students, and children. However, while we were waiting for the play to get started, a staff gets up and gives us a little guide about the play. The Play From childhood, George’s greatest ambition has been to see the world, to become an architect and design bridges and skyscrapers everywhere. However, George repeatedly has to sacrifice his dreams. He puts off going to college until Harry graduates from high school to take over the family business, the Bailey Building and Loan Association, essential to many of the disadvantaged in Bedford Falls. But on Harry’s graduation night, as George discusses his future with his date Mary Hatch who has had a crush on him since she was a little girl, although George either doesn’t realize it or believe it, and tries to remain emotionally detached his father suddenly has a stroke and dies. Mr. Potter , the owner of most of the town, seizes the opportunity to gain control of the Board of Directors and decides to end the â€Å"sentimental hogwash† of home loans for the working poor. George persuades the board members to stop Potter; they agree, but only on condition that George himself run the business. The Music and Choreography In the It’s a Wonderful Life play. The lines of the show are faithfully adapted from the original 1946 movie version and the songs are seamlessly woven in. The score is challenging musically- and these actors have the range to deliver. â€Å"The ballads shed light on the characters’ feelings behind the dialogue seen in the movie. And the range of emotion is not simply shown by the lyrics in the songs, but by the musicality of the score as a whole. The music for this show is not an afterthought to the famous plot line. It truly is beautiful and rich. Hearing young actors, some of them singing for the first time on stage, is a magical experience. Young voices being grown and blossoming right before your eyes- it represents art in every facet. Conclusion Overall, I really liked the play and the way the actors and the director existing this play. Honestly , when I first planed to go to the play I thought I would stay there for only 15 or 20 minutes at most, but after I watched the first scene I enjoyed it and thought I would watch only the next one then I will leave which I did not until the play was done. I had watch the whole play and did not even feel the play was uninterested . It was an enjoyable play. How to cite Play Response, Papers

Marcel Primary and Secondary Reflection free essay sample

This lecture is started by Marcel after discussing about truth as a value, the setting of any kind of thought but there is this distinctive character of philosophical thought that is reflection. It is about not just the meaning of something at first glance but by probing more deeply to the meaning of things and experiences that we encounter. 2. Marcel is going to illustrate how reflection is rooted in daily life by giving examples that show the importance of probing more deeply into thought. 3. Reflection happens due to an occurrence of a phenomenon that is a break from the daily normal life. If the phenomenon involves something that is valuable to me then, the reflection becomes a personal act where no one can reflect for oneself but oneself. If the watch was not valuable to me in the first place no reflection would have occurred for it would just have been something that occurred and not something that one would call as an experience. We will write a custom essay sample on Marcel Primary and Secondary Reflection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 4. The lie that I made in the example was the occurrence that was a break from the normal everyday life. I considered myself as trustworthy and honest therefore telling the lie was indeed a phenomenon for me. The same things can be said for this situation just like in the previous one. The phenomenon has led me to reflect for myself and probe deeply to the lie that I made. I reach such questions as who I really am for I was already not the man who I thought he was. 5. This example is about being disappointed to someone for something that they did and then, remembering a memory where I have done a similar thing. Being disappointed to someone was the break from normal everyday life because disappointments only happen when your expectations do not meet with the reality. This has led to the question of who I really am because I am disappointed at someone who was exactly just like me before. I am not the man who I really thought I was anymore. This conclusion comes from the reflection for oneself where one explores deeply into the meaning of one phenomenon. The reflection can leave me in anguish but I am liberated. 6. In the last example, realizations come to me from the things I have explored to more deeply. I am already a better communicator to myself and to my friend for I have destroyed the barrier that once stood there to block our communication. This is the liberating part of reflection. Where I was once anguished by the thoughts that I had because of what I reflected yet it brought something liberating to my life. 7. The third example as I stated was about communication. This clearly shows the importance of the notion of intercourse. This shows that I need others and that other people need me. I need people who need me to make me assure myself of my awareness that I am aware of myself. 8. Life is one with reflection yet there seems to be and objection that differentiates life with reflection. Life is hot while reflection is cold. Life is like a fire burning with voices and experiences waiting to happen. Bursts of energy come for never-ending sources of emotions of joy and sadness. Reflection tends to make this thought as something that one would only analyze and not experience. Just like a car broken into pieces and analyzed. 9. The reflection in the intoxicated young man comes to him when realizes things that are important to him like his future. This is the something that is valuable to him that makes him reflect upon his actions. The rash things he said due to his intoxication was the phenomenon that made him reflect. His life was the thing that was at stake so then he had to reflect upon the things that he did and explore more deeply the consequences one action of his might do to his life. The other examples like the prisoner and the mother make me ask myself questions like â€Å"What am I really living for? † â€Å"Who am I living for? â€Å"What things do I live by? † These are questions whose answers make a great impact upon my life for these are the things that fuel my everyday life. I have to know what I live for and know for sure that is something that is valuable to me. It has to be something worth living and dying for so I can say to myself that I have lived my life to the fullest every day. 10. Reflection should be one with my life. It is not the bad guy in the movie anymore but the one that saves the day. Reflection makes us probe deeply into things and liberate us from our narrow thinking. But if we use reflection to reduce life to animalism, then this makes reflection the antagonist and as something that is an unintelligible concept. 11. Experience and reflection are analogous. One goes with the other. Experience is not just a passive memory but an active participation of the other. We can say therefore that one is more reflective if one has more experience and vice versa. But there are two levels of reflection that we need to differentiate. The first is primary reflection. Our immediate consciousness of what happens in our experience is our primary reflection. We must further break this down in order to come up with a deeper understanding. From this point, we reconstruct the experience while integrating what we have discovered from it, thus a transcendence of knowledge through reflection on experience. This is our secondary reflection or a reflection upon our reflection. Through this process, we become aware of our awareness. We experience exclamatory awareness. This is when we feel truly alive. 12. The question who am I still hangs and yet remains to be the most important one we must answer. Through primary and secondary reflection we might be able this question finally. 13. Because of the secondary reflection I am able to realize that I am like this person wearing someone else’s clothes. I have this feeling that I am not who I am now and who I was before. These realizations of mine makes me uneasy because I cannot myself of the question â€Å"Who really am I? † 14. The civil servant asking the question are you Mr. so and so may think that I am insane if I answer â€Å"Certainly not† but this is how I feel. I think that I am not the man who I was anymore. I am not the person I have written myself to be. My name already sounds different to me because of the realizations it brings to me. Who really am I? 15. The uneasy feeling that I am not who I am anymore leads me to the question again of who I really am. 16. I have realized that am a not a definite somebody. I am just this non-somebody linked in a profoundly obscure fashion, with a somebody about who I am being questioned about and about whom I am certainly not free to answer just what I like at the moment because I am not the person that the civil servant is describing anymore. 17. The uneasy feeling leads us to realizations that I am not a definite somebody. We have to explore deeply and probe deeply to this problem and hopefully answer this question. 18. I have to recognize the fact that I am not a definite somebody and therefore accept the facts that there is another sense in which I am somebody and that other somebodies also exist. 9. Marcel criticizes the relationship that I have with myself because of the paradox of how I appear to myself as a definite somebody and not a somebody. I could be anybody who I think I could be. A master, a friend, a teacher, a servant. This paradox is in relation to myself as a subject. It is in relation of myself as these definite characteristics are contingent. 20. The questions come whether we can consider this not being a definite somebody exists. Exists in a way that I have something to define myself, something I live for and something I live by. Definitely the answer to this question is negative. But this does not mean that I am imaginary, for it does not mean that what is not actual is imaginary. 21. Now I come to ask myself. Does anything really exist? Do I know of anything to prove that I myself exist? These questions ask for a centrally significant existence without which I cannot possibly judge anything else to exist. We should however expound and probe more into this statement of existential indubitablity otherwise we might have a collision with total or modified skepticism. 22. Total skepticism doubts the existence of anything. In the phenomenological level, total skepticism is meaningless. Our day to day experiences prove to us what exists and what does not. Experiences that we reflect upon further makes us aware of the existence of other people and objects. There is a clear distinction of what really exists or not through reflection. 23. Relative skepticism on the other hand makes me ask myself if I do really exist since I am the one questioning about existence of other things I should be able to answer my own existence. The separation of I and exist in the question â€Å"Do I really exist? † proves that the â€Å"I† is never a â€Å"that† and also that existence is not a predicate. 4. The â€Å"I exist† is an indubitable touchstone of experience therefore it cannot be separated. Marcel points out that â€Å"I exist† lies in another level. It is not something that one can infer so quickly for â€Å"I exist† lies in the banks of every possible current of inference. Therefore the substitution made by modern philosophers could be criticized since â€Å"Sentio, ergo sum† still hides a Cogito because of the ‘ergo’. 25. To say that you exist cannot be separated from the fact that you are existing, that is, others are aware of your existence as well, to truly exist is to manifest. With it, doubting oneself cannot be avoided and by doing so we become more aware of ourselves as likened that a child’s expressions. 26. To exist and the awareness of existence cannot be separated because that is the character of the self that cannot be doubted. It is inherent to the self that he exists for himself and for others and that cannot be apart from the datum that is my body. 27. The author talks about applying primary and secondary reflection on â€Å"my body†. Primary and secondary reflection means to look at my body the same way as all other bodies, subject to destruction and non privileged. It is detaching this body from the thought that is mine. 28. Secondary reflection is reuniting the ideas se apart by primary reflection and that is to unite the body back with the center. 29. There is difficulty in proceeding to secondary reflection without contradicting what was proposed in the primary reflection that both body and soul are distinct. 30. It is a matter of perspective that we proceed in reflection by considering that body and soul are distinct but interrelated. If we should reflect on what makes up my body then, we should reject the distinction that both are things. 1. To refer to my body as the â€Å"my† that I mean it to be then, I must reject a psycho-physical parallelism belief that me and my body are mere things but rather have an intimacy of relationship with each other. This intimacy manifests through the actual real life experiences of the body and the real thing from which we should get implications from and not put ideal meanings to it. These experie nces can cause us either to behave as a master of our body or a salve to it but either way, it is the â€Å"my† in my body that I own it to be. 32. The author relates a person’s ownership of the â€Å"my† of â€Å"my body† as the same with saying that â€Å"the dog is mine† for such dog to be really mine, there must exist a positive relationship like accepting that I have claim and all responsibility to it and it too will give the same positivity by responding to me. 33. It cannot be argues that you are the owner of your body as you are the owner of the dog in the previous analogy but in slave very, such is not the case for the master of a slave who claims to have ownership of his slave’s body but a slave cannot help but persist that his body is his especially after the injustices of slavery. 4. I have a responsibility to look after my body by providing for it the same as I do for my dog. But we must be aware of an upper limit of a situation that we are in, that we are now capable of dissociating ourselves from our lives saying â€Å"that this body is not mine† or â€Å"looking after th is body is not my responsibility. 35. My body is mine to a point where I am capable of controlling it like your dog’s obedience, but there is this time where an inner limit has to be considered as in the case of illness where you don’t have the same control of your body as you used to have. This is expressed in the phrase â€Å"I am no longer myself†. 36. The likeness of â€Å"my dog† as well as other objects that are mine is distinct from the spatio-terminal being that I am but here exists a link between us that we could be associated with each other. 37. There must be a link between me and my body from which is the means for me to relate all other ownerships and at every single ownership that there is. There is also that desire to personally experience that my body is mine. 38. To own something requires oneself to claim it and take care of it , therefore some one who owns things cannot be reduces to a dematerialized ego who cannot claim nor care for something. 39. Another observation made that when I become too attached with what I possess, it tends to become a part of my body. And when such possessions are threatened like in the case of being lost, it feels as if my body has also been affected. 40. The strength of possession is as reliant with how united you are with your body, but as of external possessions, when they get lost. it leaves the owner at vulnerable state form being affected with the loss leaving him to want more to possess things that are not identical or that do not define him, most especially, a person from which the very idea cannot be owned. 41. The link between me and my body cannot be asserted to be independent from each other but once that link breaks as by means of death, no experience could ever tell us now what we can still become. 42. Looking at the previous situation at a different view by means of secondary reflection. 43. My body can be thought of as being an instrument from which I can act what I intend to manifest myself into the world, this requires us to think what being an instrument would imply and under that conditions would that be. 44. An instrument could be understood as something that would increase the efficiency of an existing power that is present in the person using the instrument like an optical apparatus for seeing. Therefore my body can be seen as a united body with a group of powers. 45. I have to understand that my body is mine to avoid narrowing my body as an object. Also that I am my body is an instrument, an extension of another body’s powers. Such infinite reveres could be avoided by claiming my body as mine and not an instrument. 46. In claiming that I am my body, care must be observed so as not to reduce me as an object but rather as a subject, a being that has a relationship. Sympathetic meditation was a term used by Marcel to describe how my body was at first in accordance with my feelings. 47. Using my body to feel mu body is using it as an instrument and it has been described in the previous numbers that my body should not be reduced to an apparatus and in this case just to view my feelings. 48. Marcel ends it by introducing the inquiry to feelings that in doing so we do not begin with searching for explanations but rather look into how we get to feel in an everyday set up and how we represent it.